What the hell is going on with my CPU?

In the photo attachment you will see the details of my computer. But it is EXTREMELY slow. I can't even play Agar.io, Slither.io or MInecraft, since my laptop is so slow. Wh. Why?

Also, my laptop won't recognize monitors connected to it via HDMI. It use to, now it doesn't.

Why? What the hell is going on with my CPU

Biggest problem is the limitation of the computer. You have a Celeron chip and 4GB of RAM. Both are pitiful for running games. Get a desktop with i5 Intel decent speed chip, 8GB or more RAM for decent games, and as a necessity, a top video system or card.
As far as the HDMI connection to monitor, could be a driver issue, broken port, bad cable, or monitor is not selecting the HDMI input choice.
And "MSery 10" is not very friendly to gaming or minimal hardware levels.

Software and games will define your operating system and will generally provided preferred hardware.
Intel iGPU's have gotten better, but it is usually best to use a dedicated video card for gaming.
Feel free to get an idea on where your Intel N2830 "sits" overall compared to others, check out the links below in the source.
I suggest acquiring a new system. You may need to reinstall your drivers, but Win 10 does a pretty good job of updating in general. But I prefer to get my latest drivers and update them myself. Once again, I suggest acquiring a more powerful system. While shopping for a new system tell whoever your talking to what games you want to be able to play and they will assist you with it. Feel free to ask people questions and look up the recommended system specifications for each game as that will provide you guidance on system selection also.