What ISP should I use for my minecraft server and can I portion my bandwidth?

I'm looking into to building my own private server. Just a small server I can access my files on the go with remote access as well as hosting a private minecraft server for me and about 7 other people. We'll say 15 to be safe. I don't think hardware will be much of an issue since I have lots of experience building computers already, but I don't have much experience with starting/hosting a network, so I'm wondering Is there a difference between the ISP's that servers use vs say comcast or century link?

Since I'm hosting a game I want the connection to be stable and have a decent upload and download speed, but at the same time I don't want it to cost very much since I would be paying for this isp in addition to my internet bill for my house. Also, (bonus question. ) is there a way to have the same isp but some how "portion" the bandwidth out so that the server has enough to host the game and not cause server-side lag but so that I could still use the internet for other things (browsing the internet, gaming, streaming, Facebook)?

Maybe there's a better way to do this? I'm new to all of this network business since connecting to the internet these days is fairly user-friendly on windows. Which brings me to another question (sorry) What operating system do you recommend, keeping my basic knowledge of computer networks in mind? I've heard Linux based OS are what most people use, but I also know you can use Windows as well. Please keep in mind this isn't going to be a large server just a small private server.

Business grade connections tend to have symmetrical up/down links, whereas home connections have asymmetric connections typically with poor up-link. With a good router you can set QOS to favor upload on the minecraft server port, but then you have to deal with your sever being behind a firewall.

Short answer both Comcast and century link suck for servers unless you buy the business tier connection. But for the difference between home and server grade connection you can rent a decent speced dedicated server with more than enough bandwidth.

Another issue is that unless you get business tier service or a dedicated server you won't get a static IP address, which can make connecting to the server more complicated than it needs to be. I've seen decent dedicated servers starting at $29.95

And yest linux is the way to go for a minecraft sever, simply based on costs + security.