Minecraft - Why did my horse suddenly die in the desert?

I've seen some things about animals starving to death, but I don't know if that's what happened to my horse.

About a minute or two before it died, I had fed it some sugar because a skeleton had hit it with an arrow. I fed it until it wouldn't let me feed it anymore.

I was going through a desert, got off of my horse to kill an Enderman, and when I came back all that was left was a saddle and its golden armor. I was gone for literally 30 seconds. I'm very sad my pony died.

Any ideas? Could it just be a starvation glitch? (This is also on one of my friend's servers, if that helps).

Probably a cactus, horses can run into them and die in about 10/20 seconds of being in them.